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Upgrade a FreeBSD host running several jails
Posted on 2025-06-19 22:47:00 from Vincent in FreeBSD
This is more for my own needs, but I propose in this post to describe all steps required to upgrade a FreeBSD hsot running version 14.2 to the last version 14.3. And to particularely see what must be done for the jails running on it.
VM running on such host are not in the scope of the post since a VM is totally independant of the host.
Introduction
We have a FreeBSD running version 14.2 and used as a NAS, thanks to ZFS.
This machine is also used to run several VM and several Jails they are all running FreeBSD 14.2 too.
We will see how to upgrade the BSD itself, but also packages.
I remind to Linux guys that in BSD world, the "base" part contain the kernel and several commands around it.
In all cases my host machine and my jails have access to internet. So they can download required packages.
Upgrade the host
Let's first see how to upgrade the "base" and then, packages
Upgrade base
Thanks to freebsd-update, the process of upgrading is quite straight forward.
First we assure that the machine is at his latest version
# freebsd-update fetch
# freebsd-update install
Then we proceed to the upgrade it self:
# freebsd-update -r 14.3-RELEASE upgrade
# freebsd-update install
# reboot
# freebsd-update install
Upgrade Jails
I've performed the following actions
# freebsd-update -j <name of the jail> -r 14.3-RELEASE upgrade
# freebsd-update -j <name of the jail> install
# service jail stop <name of the jail>
# service jail start <name of the jail>
# freebsd-update -j <name of the jail> install
# service jail stop <name of the jail>
# service jail start <name of the jail>
I did not any issues.
Update packages
I execute the pkg command on the host
# pkg upgrade
And follow the instruction on the screen.
For the Jails, I did:
# jexec <name of the jail> pkg upgrade
None of those commands have generated issues.
Conlusion
This is quite smooth and simple process.
No issues at all.
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